The M.Sc(5year) Admission process is going on anna university, Recently the rank will be published for the admission, if u wants to know the results. Please visit
Saturday, June 25, 2011
M.Sc(2 Year) Rank Enquiry
The M.Sc(2year) Admission process is going on anna university, Recently the rank will be published for the admission, if u wants to know the results. Please visit
M.Phill Rank Enquiry
The M.Phil Admission process is going on anna university, Recently the rank will be published for the admission, if u wants to know the results. Please visit
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Anna University Revaluation result
Anna University 8th Semester B.E/B.Tech2011 Revaluation results are declared on 25.06.2011, if u wants to know the results. Please visit
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Friday, June 24, 2011
Most Interesting Trees in the World
1. Trees are the longest living organisms on earth and one of the planet’s most valuable natural resource. They purify the air we breath, improve water quality, prevent erosion of soil, provide food and shade, reduce noise pollution, and help make our surroundings more beautiful. With over 200,000 types of trees in world, there is no shortage of interesting species. From tallest to oldest, most haunted to most inhabitable
2. Coast redwoods, not to be confused with Giant Sequoias, are the tallest trees in the world. The towering champion of all Coast Redwoods is a tree called Hyperion. Measuring over 379 feet (115 m) tall, Hyperion beat out the previous record holder, the Stratosphere Giant, in the Humboldt Redwoods State Park (at 370 feet / 112.8 m). In addition to having the world’s largest trees, Northern California is home to two Coast Redwoods in Leggett, California, that are wide enough to drive straight through! The most well-known drive-through tree is the Chandelier Tree at 315 feet tall and with a 6 by 9 foot tall hole cut through its base.
3. As the world’s largest trees in terms of volume, Giant Sequoias only grow in California’s Sierra Nevada region. Among this cluster of voluminous trees is the largest of them all, the General Sherman. General Sherman stands at 275 feet (83.8 m) high, over 52,500 cubic feet of volume (1,486 m³), and over 6000 tons in weight. This massive tree is 2,200 years old and each year it adds enough wood to make a regular 60-foot tall tree!
4. Pando, which means, “I spread” in Latin, couldn’t be a more perfectly-suited name for this particular species of tree. The Pando is a clonal colony of single male Quaking Aspen, which are all part of one unifying living organism and massive underground root system. Collectively, this plant as a whole, weighs 6,000 tons, making it the heaviest species in existence and the roots system of the Pando is one of the oldest living organisms known on the planet at about 80,000 years old
5. The Chena Chappelle, meaning “chapel oak,” in French is the most famous tree in France. More than just a tree, this living species is also a building and religious monument. Inside its hollow trunk are two chapels, which were built in 1669. There is also a spiral staircase built around the trunk, which provides access into the chapels. Sadly, the oak tree which the building was built around may not live much longer, as parts of the tree have been dying and falling apart for years. Old bark that had previously fallen off is now used as covering for parts of the natural structure. Even if the tree doesn’t make it, it seems this religious monument will live on forever.
6. Bristlecone Pines, located in Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, and California are the oldest (non-clonal, acknowledged) living trees known to man today, up to at least 5,000 years. Swedish researches recently discovered a self-cloning spruce in Delrina that has been dated to just under 10,000 years old, but the Bristlecone is still the oldest, non-clonal tree species. Methuselah is the oldest recorded Bristlecone located in the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest in the White Mountains of eastern California and is said to be 4,789 years old. This tree was named after Methuselah, the longest-lived person in the Bible.
7. A southern, live oak, the Angel Tree is located on one of South Carolina’s Sea Islands, John’s Island, and thought to be one of the oldest living organisms east of the Mississippi River. The tree derives its name from the Angel estate and local folklore told of stories of ghosts of former slaves that would appear as angels around the tree. Just like the trees haunting past, it is hauntingly beautiful.
8. This isn’t a particularly large tree, nor is it very old (about 200 years), but the isolated juxtaposition of this lonely tree next to the rocky, cold Pacific Ocean, off the coast of Pebble Beach, Monterey, California, makes for a breathtaking and stunning visual experience. The Lone Cypress is one of many vista points on Monterey, California’s 17 Mile Drive (also on the drive is the famous Ghost Tree), which is a must-see tourist attraction if visiting the breathtaking, Monterey coastline.
9. El Tule is an exceptionally large Cypress living in Oaxaca, Mexico. This tree has the largest trunk girth at 190 feet (58 m) and trunk diameter at 37 feet (11.3 m). It is believed that this tree is between 2,000 and 3,000 years old, but was relocated and replanted 1,400 years ago by a priest of the Aztec storm god.
The Rarest Trees in the World
The Rarest Trees in the World
There are many rare breeds of trees located all across the globe. A tree is considered rare when it has a low population in its given demographic area, and is in high demand globally. A tree can also be considered rare if it is on the endangered species list, or if it is in danger of being endangered. When a tree is close to becoming an endangered species, use of this tree for purposes other than fruit bearing or for the process of photosynthesis is halted, and the tree is left to live out its life in its habitat. This article will discuss a few species of trees that are rare or endangered in the world.
African Blackwood or Mpingo Tree
This tree is a flowering plant that is native to the Senegal regions of South Africa. It is small and never reaches more than 15 meters tall, and it contains grayish bark and shoots that are spiny. The flowers appear in dense bunches and are white in color. This tree also bears a fruit that contains two seeds. The tree is threatened because the supplies of wood that are good quality from this tree are limited. While it does not risk becoming endangered, it is at an extreme risk of becoming extinct for the commercial market. Trees at their mature state are becoming harvested at a rate that is not sustainable to the trees habitat. This wood shatters quickly, so no more than 20% of its product is usable. With this, more trees need to be harvested to produce quality wood and the species population is dwindling as a result. Simply put, the trees cannot be produced fast enough for the amount of wood that is required.
This tree is a flowering plant that is native to the Senegal regions of South Africa. It is small and never reaches more than 15 meters tall, and it contains grayish bark and shoots that are spiny. The flowers appear in dense bunches and are white in color. This tree also bears a fruit that contains two seeds. The tree is threatened because the supplies of wood that are good quality from this tree are limited. While it does not risk becoming endangered, it is at an extreme risk of becoming extinct for the commercial market. Trees at their mature state are becoming harvested at a rate that is not sustainable to the trees habitat. This wood shatters quickly, so no more than 20% of its product is usable. With this, more trees need to be harvested to produce quality wood and the species population is dwindling as a result. Simply put, the trees cannot be produced fast enough for the amount of wood that is required.
Honduras Rosewood
This is a species of tree that grows from 15 to 30 meter and its diameter is approximately 1meter. The wood from this tree contains an extremely high value in today’s commercial wood industry and it is primarily used for the manufacture of musical instruments. In fact, this wood has been used for this purpose since 1841. This tree is located in Belize in Central America and it is confined to the most southern section of the country. It is found almost exclusively along the rivers and in damp areas. This tree is considered rare and is on the verge of endangerment. The reason for this is that it is one of the hardest woods out there, and thus, the most appealing to the commercial wood industry. As a result, more trees are falling for production than are being replaced.
This is a species of tree that grows from 15 to 30 meter and its diameter is approximately 1meter. The wood from this tree contains an extremely high value in today’s commercial wood industry and it is primarily used for the manufacture of musical instruments. In fact, this wood has been used for this purpose since 1841. This tree is located in Belize in Central America and it is confined to the most southern section of the country. It is found almost exclusively along the rivers and in damp areas. This tree is considered rare and is on the verge of endangerment. The reason for this is that it is one of the hardest woods out there, and thus, the most appealing to the commercial wood industry. As a result, more trees are falling for production than are being replaced.
St. Helena Gumwood
This tree is located in the South Atlantic and is one of the fourteen threatened species on the planet. The tree is known to be very useful in the wood craft industry, and in the use of timber for fuel. It is now St. Helena’s official tree and is used very little for commercial purposes due to its rarity. It is so rare, that even some people in St. Helena are building plantations in the hopes of creating more tree population and have more supplies available to the crafting industry.
This brief list of rare woods and trees is certainly not exhaustive, there are many more rare trees located all across the globe.
This tree is located in the South Atlantic and is one of the fourteen threatened species on the planet. The tree is known to be very useful in the wood craft industry, and in the use of timber for fuel. It is now St. Helena’s official tree and is used very little for commercial purposes due to its rarity. It is so rare, that even some people in St. Helena are building plantations in the hopes of creating more tree population and have more supplies available to the crafting industry.
This brief list of rare woods and trees is certainly not exhaustive, there are many more rare trees located all across the globe.
Thursday, June 23, 2011
A Tree as a Friend (Machine)
Adansonia is a genus of eight species of tree, six native to Madagascar, one native to mainland Africa and the Arabian Peninsula and one to Australia. The mainland African species also occurs on Madagascar, but it is not a native of that island.
A typical common name is baobab. Other common names include boab, boaboa, bottle tree, upside-down tree, and monkey bread tree. The generic name honours Michel Adanson, the French naturalist and explorer who described A. digitata.
Adansonias reach heights of 5 to 30 metres (16 to 98 ft) and have trunk diameters of 7 to 11 metres (23 to 36 ft). Glencoe Baobab - an African Baobab specimen in Limpopo Province, South Africa, often considered the largest example alive, up to recent times had a circumference of 47 metres (154 ft).[2] Its diameter is estimated at about 15.9 metres (52 ft). Recently the tree split up into two parts and it is possible that the stoutest tree now is Sunland Baobab, also in South Africa. Diameter of this tree is 10.64 m, approximate circumference - 33.4 metres.
Some baobabs are reputed to be many thousands of years old, which is difficult to verify as the wood does not produce annual growth rings, though radiocarbon dating may be able to provide age data.
Baobabs store water inside the swollen trunk (up to 120,000 litres / 32,000 US gallons) to endure the harsh drought conditions particular to each region. All occur in seasonally arid areas, and are deciduous, shedding their leaves during the dry season
Uses
Since 2008, there has been increasing interest for developing baobab as a nutrient-rich raw material for consumer products.
The leaves are commonly used as a leaf vegetable throughout the area of mainland African distribution, including Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and the Sahel. They are eaten both fresh and as a dry powder. In Nigeria, the leaves are locally known as kuka, and are used to make kuka soup.
The fruit is nutritious, possibly having more vitamin C than oranges, and exceeding the calcium content of cow's milk. The dry fruit pulp separated from seeds and fibers is eaten directly or mixed into porridge or milk, and is also known as "sour gourd" or "monkey's bread". In Malawi, the fruit pulp is used to make a nutrient-rich juice. In Zimbabwe, the fruit is known as mawuyu in the Shona language and has long been a traditional fruit. In the coastal areas of Kenya, baobab seeds are called mbuyu and are cooked with sugar, colored, and sold as a snack. Mabuyu is also the term used in Tanzania for seeds of the calabash gourd, which are prepared in a similar fashion.
The fruit can be used to produce cream of tartar. In various parts of East Africa, the dry fruit pulp is covered in sugary coating (usually with red coloring) and sold in packages as a sweet and sour candy called "umbuyu".
The seeds are mostly used as a thickener for soups, but may also be fermented into a seasoning, roasted for direct consumption, or pounded to extract vegetable oil. The tree also provides a source of fiber, dye, and fuel.
The dry pulp is either eaten fresh or used to add to gruels on cooling after cooking – a good way of preserving the vitamin contents. It can also be ground to make a refreshing drink with a pleasing wine-gum flavour. In Tanzania, it is added to aid fermentation of sugar cane for beer making.
Pulp can be stored for fairly long periods for use in soft drink production, but it needs airtight containers. Storage is improved by the use of sodium metabisulphite (Ibiyemi et al., 1988). It can also be frozen if ground to a powder.
Indigenous Australians used baobabs as a source of water and food, and used leaves medicinally. They also painted and carved the outside of the fruits and wore them as ornaments. A very large, hollow baobab south of Derby, Western Australia was used in the 1890s as a prison for Aboriginal convicts on their way to Derby for sentencing. The Boab Prison Tree still stands and is now a tourist attraction.
The whole fruit of the baobab is not available in the EU, as current EU legislation from 1997 dictates that foods not commonly consumed in the EU have to be formally approved before going on sale. On 15 July 2008, the EU authorized the use of Baobab Dried Fruit Pulp as a food ingredient in smoothies and cereal bars. More recently, Baobab Dried Fruit Pulp achieved GRAS status for these same food uses
Traditional uses of the whole fruit are unlikely outside of Africa, as the fruit will be processed for export as a white powder with a cheese-like texture to be used as an ingredient in products.
The Giant Baobab trees are 'rare' in India.Imported by Abyssinian -Ethipians -slaves and sailors for its fruits which gives a 'monkey bread or lemonade drink 'fruity flesh .
You see these trees in abandon at Mandu Madhya Pradesh heritage city .Go and see this palce after rains as teak trees blooms all over behind huge baobab trees.Probably the slaves were from Africa who built the city partly!! You will see many huge trees used as bar pubs home on net images of baobab trees.They stor water like a camel and this is its fruits lemoni in taste,
You see these trees in abandon at Mandu Madhya Pradesh heritage city .Go and see this palce after rains as teak trees blooms all over behind huge baobab trees.Probably the slaves were from Africa who built the city partly!! You will see many huge trees used as bar pubs home on net images of baobab trees.They stor water like a camel and this is its fruits lemoni in taste,
ADANSONIA DIGIATATA NAMED a french surgeon !! These colonolialists who think because they found it then they own it all!!Real african names are isimuhu in zulu , isimaku umshimulu ximuwu etc.monkey bread tree or lemonade tree cream of tartar tree of family Bombacea.
Baobab Trees These baobab trees, native to Africa and Australia, are an important part of the Madagascar deciduous forest. Some baobabs are believed to be thousands of years old, but since the wood does not create annual growth rings, it is difficult to track their growth. The trees are a hardy breed though, with some Madagascar species growing directly out of limestone rock. Warwick Sloss
Trees are great absorbers of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and inhibitors of climate change -- that's why treehuggers hug them so much. But leave it to humanity to engineer a better tree. A synthetic tree, currently being tested as a prototype, ensnares carbon about 1,000 times faster than a real tree.
The "tree" uses plastic leaves that capture the carbon dioxide in a chamber. The carbon dioxide is then compressed into liquid form. The tree captures the carbon without the need for direct sunlight, which means that, unlike traditional trees, the synthetic trees can be stored in enclosed places such as barns, used anywhere, and transported from one site to another regardless of conditions.
Lackner says the captured CO2 could be used to create fuel for jet engines and cars, the two most common carbon emitters. In other cases, the CO2 could be used to enhance current production of vegetable produce.
Klaus Lackner, a professor at Columbia University who is developing the tree, met with U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu last month to talk about the concept. In an interview with CNN, Lackner said the synthetic tree is "several hundred times better at collecting CO2" than windmill generators. Lackner says that for every 1,000 kilograms of carbon dioxide collected, the tree emits just 200 kilograms. This ratio is more than enough to warrant the relatively high cost of building the trees (about the same as a new automobile) or retrofitting coal plants.
Each synthetic tree could collect about 90,000 tons of carbon per year.
Which tree produce more oxygen ?
In India, the tree is variously known as "Sacred Tree," "Heal All," "Nature's Drugstore," "Village Pharmacy" and "Panacea for all diseases." Products made from neem tree have been used in India for over two millennia for their medicinal properties: Neem products have been observed to be anthelmintic, antifungal, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiviral, contraceptive and sedative. Neem products are also used in selectively controlling pests in plants. It is considered a major component in Ayurvedic and Unani medicine and is particularly prescribed for skin disease
All parts of the tree are said to have medicinal properties (seeds, leaves, flowers and bark) and are used for preparing many different medical preparations.
Part of the Neem tree can be used as a spermicide
Neem oil is used for preparing cosmetics (soap, neem shampoo - Sunsan herbal, balms and creams, for example Margo soap), and is useful for skin care such as acne treatment, and keeping skin elasticity. Neem oil has been found to be an effective mosquito repellent.
Neem derivatives neutralise nearly 500 pests worldwide, including insects, mites, ticks, and nematodes, by affecting their behaviour and physiology. Neem does not normally kill pests right away, rather it repels them and affects their growth. As neem products are cheap and non-toxic to higher animals and most beneficial insects, they are well-suited for pest control in rural areas.
Besides its use in traditional Indian medicine, the neem tree is of great importance for its anti-desertification properties and possibly as a good carbon dioxide sink.
Practitioners of traditional Indian medicine recommend that patients suffering from chicken pox sleep on neem leaves.
Neem gum is used as a bulking agent and for the preparation of special purpose food (for diabetics).
Aqueous extracts of neem leaves have demonstrated significant antidiabetic potential.
Traditionally, slender neem branches were chewed in order to clean one's teeth. Neem twigs are still collected and sold in markets for this use, and in India one often sees youngsters in the streets chewing on neem twigs.
A decoction prepared from neem roots is ingested to relieve fever in traditional Indian medicine.
Neem leaf paste is applied to the skin to treat acne, and in a similar vein is used for measles and chicken pox sufferers.
Neem blossoms are used in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka to prepare Ugadi pachhadi. "Bevina hoovina gojju" (a type of curry prepared with neem blossoms) is common in Karnataka throughout the year. Dried blossoms are used when fresh blossoms are not available. In Tamilnadu, a rasam (veppam poo rasam) made with neem blossoms is a culinary speciality.
A mixture of neem flowers and bella (jaggery or unrefined brown sugar) is prepared and offered to friends and relatives, symbolic of sweet and bitter events in the upcoming new year.
Extract of neem leaves is thought to be helpful as malaria prophylaxis despite the fact that no comprehensive clinical studies are yet available. In several cases, private initiatives in Senegal were successful in preventing malaria. However, major NGOs such as USAID are not supposed to use neem tree extracts unless the medical benefit has been proved with clinical studies.
Uses in pest and disease control
Uses in pest and disease control
Neem is deemed very effective in the treatment of scabies, although only preliminary scientific proof, which still has to be corroborated, exists,[citation needed] and is recommended for those who are sensitive to permethrin, a known insecticide which might be an irritant. Also, the scabies mite has yet to become resistant to neem, so in persistent cases neem has been shown to be very effective. There is also anecdotal evidence of its effectiveness in treating infestations of head lice in human. The oil is also used in sprays against fleas for cats and dogs.
As a vegetable
The tender shoots and flowers of the neem tree are eaten as a vegetable in India. Neem flowers are very popular for their use in Ugadi Pachhadi (soup-like pickle), which is made on Ugadi day in the South Indian States of Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu and Karnataka. A souplike dish called Veppampoo Rasam (Tamil) (translated as "neem flower rasam") made of the flower of neem is prepared in Tamil Nadu. In West Bengal, young neem leaves are fried in oil with tiny pieces of eggplant (brinjal). The dish is called nim begun and is the first item during a Bengali meal that acts as an appetizer. It is eaten with rice.
Neem is also used in parts of mainland Southeast Asia, particularly in Cambodia, Laos (where it is called kadao), Thailand (where it is known as sadao or sdao), Myanmar (where it is known as tamar) and Vietnam (where it is known as sầu đâu and is used to cook the salad: gỏi sầu đâu). Even lightly cooked, the flavour is quite bitter and thus the food is not enjoyed by all inhabitants of these nations, though it is believed to be good for one's health. Neem Gum is a rich source of protein. In Myanmar, young neem leaves and flower buds are boiled with tamarind fruit to soften its bitterness and eaten as a vegetable. Pickled neem leaves are also eaten with tomato and fish paste sauce in Myanmar.
So plant a tree on every home,
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